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It is not for the people of Medina and for the Bedouins [who dwell] around them to stay behind Allah’s Messenger (rasūl), when he sets out on a campaign, and to prefer their lives to his life, by guarding them against hardships which he [the Prophet] is content [to suffer] himself (this statement is a prohibition expressed as a predicate); that, prohibition against staying behind, is because neither thirst nor toil nor hunger afflicts them in the way of Allahu ta’ālā, nor tread they any tread (mawti'an is a verbal noun, meaning wat'an) that enrages the disbelievers, nor gain any gain from the enemy, of Allahu ta’ālā, be it through slaughter, capture or plunder, but a righteous deed is therefore recorded for them, that they may be rewarded for it. Truly Allahu ta’ālā does not leave the wage of the virtuous to go to waste, that is, the wage of those [mentioned], rather He rewards them.